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Allergies are often misunderstood, with plenty of myths floating around. From who can get them to how they work, there’s a lot of misinformation out there. Let’s clear things up by breaking down some of the most common allergy myths—and what science really says.
Myth 1: Only Kids Get Allergies
Many people believe that if you didn’t have allergies as a child, you’re in the clear. But that’s simply not true.
In fact, adults can and do develop allergies—sometimes out of nowhere.
A study of over 40,000 U.S. adults found that 10.8% had a food allergy. Interestingly, around half of those cases began during adulthood. So, yes—new allergies can show up at any time in life.
Myth 2: There’s No Treatment for Allergies
While it’s true that there’s no permanent cure, there are effective ways to manage allergy symptoms.
- Decongestants can help with nasal issues.
- Antihistamines and nasal steroid sprays also offer relief.
- And if you’re looking for something more long-term, allergy immunotherapy might help reduce sensitivity over time.
According to the American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, immunotherapy involves exposing someone to increasing doses of an allergen. Over time, this can train the immune system to react less severely—essentially building tolerance.
Myth 3: Food Allergy and Food Intolerance Are the Same Thing
Nope. These two are very different.
- A food allergy is an immune system reaction—often involving IgE antibodies. When these antibodies detect a threat (like peanuts or shellfish), they trigger histamine release, causing quick and sometimes severe symptoms.
- A food intolerance, on the other hand, doesn’t involve the immune system at all. Symptoms come on more slowly and, while uncomfortable, they’re not life-threatening.
So, while both can cause discomfort, the mechanisms—and the risks—are quite different.
Myth 4: Allergies Last a Lifetime
Good news: Not always.
Some allergies do stick around for life, especially those involving peanuts, tree nuts, shellfish, and fish. But many children outgrow allergies to milk, eggs, soy, and wheat.
As Dr. Mehdizadeh told MNT, some allergies may naturally fade over time. It really depends on the allergen and the individual’s immune response.
Myth 5: Peanut Allergies Are the Most Dangerous
Peanut allergies are certainly serious—affecting over 6 million people in the U.S.—but it’s not accurate to say they’re the most dangerous.
The severity of an allergy isn’t based solely on the food. Two people can have completely different reactions to the same allergen. For some, peanuts may cause mild discomfort; for others, they can lead to anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition.
Ultimately, any food can trigger a severe reaction—it all comes down to your unique immune system.
Myth 6: Colds and Allergies Are Basically the Same
They might feel similar, but they’re not.
- Colds are caused by viruses and usually go away in 1–2 weeks.
- Allergies are your immune system reacting to allergens (like pollen or pet dander), and can last much longer, even for a lifetime.
Some symptoms overlap, like a runny nose or watery eyes, but the causes—and treatments—are very different.
Myth 7: Short-Haired Pets Don’t Cause Allergies
It’s not about the fur. Allergies are triggered by dander (dead skin cells), saliva, and urine—not hair length.
Even short-haired breeds can trigger allergic reactions. In fact, pet hair can even collect other allergens, like pollen and mold, and carry them into your home.
So, pet allergies have nothing to do with how fluffy your dog or cat is.
Myth 8: Hypoallergenic Breeds Exist
Many people think certain dogs and cats are “hypoallergenic.” Unfortunately, there’s no such thing.
As the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI) puts it, there are no truly hypoallergenic breeds. All animals produce dander and allergens—regardless of their coat length or shedding habits.
So, if you’re allergic, switching to a “hypoallergenic” breed won’t necessarily solve the problem.
Myth 9: You Can Build Tolerance by Living With Pets
The idea that constant exposure to pets can reduce allergies is misleading. In fact, being around pets too much can make things worse for allergic individuals.
Once your immune system becomes sensitized, continued exposure to the allergen (like pet dander) just keeps the allergic response going.
Immunotherapy, not casual exposure, is the safer and more effective route to desensitization. That said, some studies suggest that early exposure to pets during childhood might help prevent allergies from developing in the first place.
Myth 10: Allergies Aren’t That Serious
This couldn’t be further from the truth.
Sure, for some people allergies are mild—just an itchy nose or watery eyes. But for others, allergies can be dangerous or even life-threatening.
Anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, can cause:
- Breathing difficulties
- Swelling (lips, eyes, hands, etc.)
- Stomach cramps and diarrhea
- Loss of consciousness
Even seasonal allergies like hay fever can take a toll. A 2012 study found that hay fever reduced work productivity more than hypertension or type 2 diabetes. Another 2009 study revealed that it could even impact sexual health and sleep quality.
So, whether it’s a food allergy or seasonal sniffles, allergies can seriously affect your daily life and well-being.
FAQs
Q: Can adults suddenly develop allergies?
Yes. Adults can develop allergies at any age, even if they’ve never had them before.
Q: Is there a cure for allergies?
Not yet. But treatments like antihistamines, nasal sprays, and immunotherapy can help manage and reduce symptoms.
Q: What’s the difference between food allergies and intolerances?
Allergies involve the immune system and can be life-threatening. Intolerances don’t affect the immune system and are usually less serious.
Q: Are there truly hypoallergenic pets?
No. All cats and dogs produce allergens. Some might trigger fewer symptoms, but no breed is 100% allergy-free.
Q: Can allergies go away on their own?
Sometimes. Allergies to milk, eggs, and soy may fade with age, but others like peanut or shellfish allergies often last a lifetime.
Conclusion
Allergies are complex—and unfortunately, there are a lot of myths that can make them even more confusing. Whether it’s the belief that only kids get them, or the hope that “hypoallergenic” pets exist, these misconceptions can lead to poor management and unnecessary discomfort.
Understanding the facts can help you take better care of yourself (or your loved ones), avoid triggers, and find the right treatment. So next time someone mentions one of these myths, you’ll be ready with the truth.